Experiences and Support Structures of Household Members Following a Suicide Attempt Presenting at Africa Inland Church (AIC) Litein Hospital in Kericho County

Abstract

Suicide remains a major public health concern globally, with a previous suicide attempt being the strongest predictor of future attempts and completed suicide. Household members of individuals who attempt suicide are important gatekeepers in suicide prevention, and their experiences and support needs are central to effective interventions. However, in Kenya, limited data exist on the impact of suicide attempts on household members, and their perspectives are scarcely reflected in mental health policy and practice.  This study sought to explore the experiences of household members following a suicide attempt by a family member presenting at Africa Inland Church (AIC) Litein Hospital and to identify both existing and desired support systems. A qualitative phenomenological design was employed, with purposive sampling of 16 participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews guided by a semi-structured tool, audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. Findings revealed that participants endured significant negative emotional and psychological reactions, including fear, stigma, and anxiety. Social relationships and family dynamics were often disrupted, while physical and practical impacts, such as physical harm, increased responsibilities, and financial strain, were also reported. Available support included healthcare services, practical help, and spiritual and moral support from religious leaders and community members. Nonetheless, participants expressed unmet needs, including access to professional mental health services, structured counseling, and targeted education on suicide at both hospital and community levels. They also highlighted the importance of peer support groups and the active involvement of community leaders in addressing underlying triggers and advocating for household needs. Given the central role of household members and the profound consequences of suicide attempts, healthcare institutions should develop structured counseling programs and integrate family-centered care. Addressing these challenges requires a multisectoral approach, involving healthcare workers, clergy, government, community leaders, and society at large, working collaboratively to support affected households and strengthen suicide prevention.